First Net Print, November 23 1999
Second Net Print, November 25 1999
Third Net Print, October 30 2001

REPORT OF THE SECRETARY-GENERAL
PURSUANT TO GENERAL ASSEMBLY
RESOLUTION 53/35 (1998)

Notes

1. Press Release issued by ICTY (CC/PIO/026-E), 16 November 1995, The Hague.

2. Honig, Jan Willem, and Norbert Both. Srebrenica: Record of a War Crime. London: Penguin Books, 1996, pg. 79.

3. Oriç, Naser. Srebrenica Svjedo…i I Optuñuje: Genocid nad Bošnjacima u isto…noj Bosni (srednje Podrinje), April 1992.-Septembar 1994.

4. Silber, Laura, and Allan Little. Yugoslavia: Death of a Nation. Rev.ed. New York: Penguin Books, 1997, pg. 267.

5. Biermann, Wolfgang and Martin Vadset (editors), UN Peacekeeping in Trouble: Lessons Learned from the Former Yugoslavia. London: Ashgate Publishing Company, 1999, p. 134.

6. ICRC provided the Secretariat, in the context of this report, with copies of Dr. Sammaruga's statement to the London Conference of 26 August 1992, and its Position Paper of 30 October 1992 on The Establishment of Protected Zones for Endangered Civilians in Bosnia-Herzegovina

7. Silber, Laura, and Allan Little. Yugoslavia: Death of a Nation. London: Penguin Books, 1995, 296.

8. Rose, Michael. Fighting for Peace. London: The Harvill Press, 1998, pps. 43-46.

9. Ibid., pg. 46.

10. Ibid., pps. 47-48.

11. Ibid., pps. 48-49.

12. Ibid., pg. 43.

13. Reuters, UN Commander in Bosnia Slams SC, EC by Kurt Schork, 30 December 1993.

14. Rose, pg. 113

15. Ibid., pg. 125

16. Ibid., pps. 125-6.

17. Ibid., pps. 124-5.

18. Oudraat, Chantal de Jonge, The Threat and Use of Military Force in the former Yugoslavia. Paper presented to the Expert Meeting organized by the Lessons Learned Unit/DPKO, in cooperation with the Norwegian Institute of International Affairs (NUPI) and the Armed Forces International Centre, Norway (AFIC-N). Oslo, Norway, 15-17 April 1999.

19. Rose, pg. 118.

20. Ibid., pg. 249.

21. The Blue Helmets: A Review of United Nations Peace-keeping. New York: United Nations, 1996, pg. 536

22. Rose, pg. 241.

23. The New York Times, France Held Secret Talks with Serbs by Stephen Kinzer, 23 June 1995.

24. Cutts, Mark, "The humanitarian operation in Bosnia, 1992-95: Dilemmas of negotiating humanitarian access". UNHCR New Issues in Refugee Research Series, Working Paper Number 8, Geneva, 1999. pg. 11.

25. The New York Times, US Criticizes UN Aide, 23 June 1995.

26. The New York Times, Bosnian Muslim Troops Evade UN Force to Raid Serb Village, by Stephen Kinzer, 27 June 1995

27. Honing, pg. 173.

28. Bildt, Carl. Peace Journey: The Struggle for Peace in Bosnia. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1998, pg. 61.

29. Ibid., pg. 64.

30. Agence France Presse (AFP), report of 17 July 1995, citing Dutch Algemeen Dagblad.

31. ICRC Fact Sheet dated 31 July 1995.

32. Holbrooke, Richard. To End a War. New York: Random House, Inc., 1998, pg. 160.

ANNEX -- INTERVIEWS CONDUCTED (APRIL TO OCTOBER 1999)

(In alphabetical order)

- Mr. Jean-Claude Aimé (former Chief of Staff, Executive Office of the Secretary-General)

- Mr. John Almstrom (former Special Assistant to the SRSG/UNPF)

- Mr. Yasushi Akashi (former Special Representative of the Secretary-General for the former Yugoslavia)

- H.E. Mr. Diego Arria (former Permanent Representative of Venezuela to the United Nations)

- H.E. Mr. Ben-Jelloun Touimi Nacer (former Deputy Permanent Representative of the Kingdom of Morocco to the United Nations)

- Dr. Mats Berdal (University of Oxford)

- Ms. Ilana Bet-El (former UNPROFOR Civil Affairs Officer)

- H.E. Dr. Nicolaas Biegman (former Permanent Representative of the Netherlands to the United Nations)

- H.E. Mr. Carl Bildt (former European Union Co-Chairman of the Steering Committee of ICFY)

- Mr. Anne-Willem Bijleveld (former UNHCR Special Envoy for the former Yugoslavia)

- Dr. Boutros Boutros-Ghali (former Secretary-General)

- Colonel Charles Brantz (former UNPROFOR acting-Commander Sector Northeast)

- H.E. Mr. Vitaly Churkin (former Special Envoy of the Russian Federation for the former Yugoslavia)

- Colonel Harm De Jonge (former UNPF Chief of Land Operations)

- General Rasic Deliç (Commander of the Army of Bosnia and Herzegovina)

- Ms. Pascale Delpech (former interpreter for the UNPF Theatre Force Commander)

- Colonel François Dureau (former Military Assistant to the UNPF Theatre Force Commander)

- Major Robert Franken (former Deputy Commander of Dutchbat-3)

- Mr. Louis Gentile (former UNHCR Protection Officer in Srebrenica)

- Mr. Chinmaya Gharekhan (former Special Political Adviser to the Secretary-General)

- Mr. Angelo Gnaedinger (Delegate General, Head of Operations for Europe, Middle East and North America, International Committee of the Red Cross)

- Sir Marrack Goulding (former Under-Secretary-General for Political Affairs)

- Major Jelte Groen (former Commander Dutchbat-3 B Company)

- Mr. Roy Gutman (journalist, author of Witness to Genocide)

- Sir David Hannay (former Permanent Representative of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland to the United Nations)

- Mr. Julian Harston (former UNPF Head of Political Unit/Office of the SRSG)

- Ms. Peggy Hicks (former UNPROFOR Human Rights Officer)

- H.E. Mr. Wolfgang Ischinger (former Political Director in the German Foreign Ministry)

- H.E. Mr. Alija Izetbegoviç (former President of the Presidency of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina)

- Ms. Bianca Jagger (Coalition for International Justice)

- Mr. Kris Janovski (former UNHCR Spokesman for Bosnia and Herzegovina)

- General Bernard Janvier (former UNPF Theatre Force Commander)

- Mr. Soren Jessen-Petersen (former UNHCR Head of Office in New York and former Chief of Staff for the High Commissioner for Refugees)

- Maj. Gen. Franklin van Kappen (former Military Adviser to the Under-Secretary-General for Peacekeeping Operations)

- Colonel Thom Karremans (former Commander Dutchbat-3)

- Mr. Andrei Kazakov (former UNHCR Field Officer, Srebrenica)

- Prof. Dr. Albert Kersten (Research Department, Netherlands State Institute for War Documentation)

- Mr. Mom…ilo Krajišnik (former President of the Republika Srpska National Assembly)

- Colonel Peter Leentjes (former UNPROFOR Bosnia and Herzegovina Command Assistant Chief of Staff)

- Ms. Lotte Leicht (Director of the Brussels Office of Human Rights Watch)

- Mr. Sakib Mahmuljin (Deputy Minister of Defence, Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina)

- Mr. Nesib Mandñiç (President of the Municipal Assembly, Srebrenica)

- Mr. Hakija Meholjiç (former Chief of Police, Srebrenica)

- Lt. Gen. Manojlo Milovanoviç (former Chief of Staff of the Bosnian Serb Army)

- Ms. Beatrice Megevand-Roggo (Head of Operations for Western Europe and North America, International Committee of the Red Cross)

- Mr. Nicholas Morris (former UNHCR Special Envoy for the former Yugoslavia)

- H.E. Dr. Hasan Muratoviç (former Prime Minister of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina)

- Dame Pauline Neville-Jones (former Political Director, Foreign and Commonwealth Office of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland)

- Maj. Gen. Cees Nicolai (former UNPROFOR Chief of Staff)

- Mr. Hasan Nuhanoviç (former Language Assistant, UNPROFOR UNMO Team Srebrenica)

- H.E. Mr. Terrence O'Brien (former Permanent Representative of New Zealand to the United Nations)

- Mr. Naser Oriç (former Commander of the ARBiH 28th Division in Srebrenica)

- David Lord Owen (former European Union Co-Chairman of the Steering Committee of ICFY)

- H.E. Mr. Erik Pierre (former Ambassador of Sweden to Bosnia and Herzegovina)

- Ms. Biljana Plavsiç (former Vice President of Republika Srpska)

- H.R.H. Prince Zeid Ra'ad Zeid Al-Hussein (former Political Officer in the Office of the SRSG/UNPF)

- Mr. Almir Ramiç (former UNHCR Field Assistant, Srebrenica)

- Mr. Bertrand Gangaspersaud Ramcharan (former Director, Steering Committee of ICFY)

- Mr. S. Iqbal Riza (former Assistant-Secretary-General for Peacekeeping Operations)

- Mr. David Rohde (journalist, author of Endgame: The Betrayal and Fall of Srebrenica, Europe's Worst Massacre Since World War II)

- General Sir Michael Rose (former UNPROFOR Commander, 1994)

- Mr. Jean-René Ruez (ICTY Team Leader for Srebrenica)

- H.E. Mr. Muhamed Sacirbey (Permanent Representative to the United Nations, and former Foreign Minister of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina)

- Mr. Peter Schmitz (former Political Affairs Officer/DPKO with responsibility for the former Yugoslavia)

- Dr. Dick Schoonoord (Research Department, Netherlands State Institute for War Documentation)

- Ms. Emma Shitakha (former Political Officer in the Office of the SRSG/UNPF)

- H.E. Dr. Haris Silajdñiç (former Prime Minister of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina)

- General Sir Rupert Smith (former UNPROFOR Commander, 1995)

- H.E. Mr. Michael Steiner (former German Representative on the Contact Group)

- H.E. Mr. Thorvald Stoltenberg (former Special Representative of the Secretary-General for the former Yugoslavia and United Nations Co-Chairman of the Steering Committee of ICFY)

- Mr. Chuck Sudetic (journalist, author of Blood and Vengeance)

- Mr. William Tall (former Head of Office, UNHCR Belgrade)

- Mr. Shashi Tharoor (former Special Assistant to the Under-Secretary-General for Peacekeeping Operations and Team Leader for the former Yugoslavia)

- Mr. Sergio Vieira de Mello (former UNPROFOR Head of Civil Affairs)

- Mr. Thant Myint U (former UNPROFOR Spokesman)

- H.E. Mr. Joris Voorhoeve (former Minister of Defence of the Netherlands)

- Lt. Gen. Lars-Erik Wahlgren (former UNPROFOR Force Commander, 1993)

- Mr. Michael Williams (former UNPRFOR Director of Information)

- Dr. Jovan Zametica (former Adviser to Radovan Karadñiç)

- Officials of the Government of the United States of America

- Meeting with the Head of the United Nations Department in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of France, the Head of the Legal Department of the Ministry of Defense of France, and other civil servants, who provided information received from individuals identified by the Secretariat

- In addition, a number of former and present residents of Srebrenica, who asked not to be identified by name.